Configuration and Usage</h1>
<h2 style=" text-align: center;">By Chris Koeritz</h2>
<h3 style=" text-align: center;"> Vintage: cakelampvm v002
- Updated: 2017-11-16</h3>
- <p>The cakelampvm project provides a virtualbox VM that acts as an "internet
+ Updated: 2017-11-16 (rev E)</h3>
+ <p>The cakelampvm project provides a Virtualbox VM that acts as an "internet
in a bottle". The virtual machine provides DNS services (<a title="dns server"
href="http://www.bind9.net/">bind9</a>), a Web server (<a title="patchy"
href="https://httpd.apache.org/">Apache2</a>), a full <a title="ubuntu means compassion and humanity"
the <a title="flux is change" href="http://fluxbox.org/">Fluxbox</a> <a
title="a better windows" href="https://www.x.org/">X window manager</a>,
and a suite of tools called the <a title="feisty meow® concerns ltd. website"
- href="https://feistymeow.org/">Feisty Meow® codebase</a>
- <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
- . Together, these services provide you with a very flexible and
- powerful testbed for web development, especially suited for <a title="it's cake"
- href="https://cakephp.org/">CakePHP</a>.</p>
- <p>todo: arrange gritty details to back.</p>
- <p>TOC GOES HERE.</p>
- <h6> </h6>
- <h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">G</span>uest VM Configuration</h2>
+ href="https://feistymeow.org/">Feisty Meow® codebase</a> .
+ Together, these services provide you with a very flexible and powerful
+ testbed for web development, especially suited for <a title="it's cake" href="https://cakephp.org/">CakePHP</a>.</p>
+ <p>Commands preceded by an octothorpe ('#') below are intended to be typed
+ into a bash shell running on the cakelampvm virtual machine. The
+ bash shell can be obtained either by logging into the VM through ssh or by
+ logging in directly to the Virtualbox VM console. You may find the
+ ssh session more convenient, because copy & paste features work as
+ expected.</p>
+ <p>Commands preceded by a greater-than symbol ('>') are intended to be
+ run on the Host PC in a Windows command prompt (or in a bash prompt running
+ on the Host PC).</p>
+ <h2> Guest VM Configuration<a id="#config" name="#config"></a></h2>
<ul>
- <li>hostname: <a title="the vm's website, when configured properly" href="https://cakelampvm.com/">cakelampvm.com</a></li>
- <li>local IP address: 10.28.42.20</li>
- <li>services: DNS (bind9), apache2, fluxbox X windowing system, <a title="not just in the garden"
- href="https://www.gnome.org/">gnome display manager</a></li>
- <li>main user: developer (password distributed separately)</li>
- <li>mysql root password: (password distributed separately)</li>
+ <li>Hostname: <a title="the vm's website, when configured properly" href="https://cakelampvm.com/">cakelampvm.com</a></li>
+ <li>Local IP Address: 10.28.42.20</li>
+ <li>Services Included: DNS (bind9), apache2, fluxbox X windowing system, <a
+ title="not just in the garden" href="https://www.gnome.org/">gnome
+ display manager</a></li>
+ <li>Main VM User: developer (password distributed separately)</li>
+ <li>Database Access: mysql root account, password: (password distributed
+ separately)</li>
</ul>
- <h2>Powering up with the Feisty Meow® scripts</h2>
- <p>[First, let me drop the registered trademark symbol from here on
- in. I hope its presence above has been sufficiently clear for legal
- purposes, but now it will just get in the way. Also, capitalization
- really bores me, and it's the feisty meow codebase anyhow, so that's how
- it will be written henceforth.]</p>
- <p>The feisty meow scripts are a cohesive bash scripting environment for
- getting a variety of tasks done. The scripts recently incorporated
- the 'avbash' collection from Saco Designs, which provides tools for
- bringing up CakePHP web sites and managing the collection of repositories
- for those sites. Each website is considered an "application", and
- the application name itself (e.g. "winterportlibrary") can often provide
- all the details for "powering up" the site. The feisty meow team has
- added additional scripts for managing DNS domains and Apache websites that
- provide the capability to "stand up" an entire website around an
- application, with accompanying domain.</p>
- <p>The scripts for now are documented separately within the Feisty Meow
- codebase. The Feisty Meow readme file provides some valuable
- information on configuring the codebase. If you have the cakelampvm,
- then this has already been done for you on the vm in the developer account.
- The script documentation is available in the UHHHHHH page of something..</p>
- <h2>How to set up virtualbox for your host PC</h2>
+ <h2>Powering up with the Feisty Meow® scripts<a id="#powerup" name="#powerup"></a></h2>
+ The feisty meow scripts are a cohesive bash scripting environment for
+ getting a variety of tasks done. The feisty meow scripts recently
+ incorporated the "avbash" collection from Saco Designs and added those
+ scripts to a new "site_avenger" collection of scripts. The site
+ avenger scripts provide tools for bringing up CakePHP web sites and managing
+ the collection of repositories for those sites. Each website is
+ considered an "application", and the application name itself (e.g.
+ "winterportlibrary") can often provide all the details for "powering up" the
+ site. The feisty meow team has added additional scripts for managing
+ DNS domains and Apache websites that provide the capability to "stand up" an
+ entire website around an application, with an accompanying DNS domain and
+ Apache2 site definition.
+ <p>The site avenger scripts are documented separately within the feisty meow
+ codebase. Consult the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">f</span><a
+ title="quickstart" href="https://feistymeow.org/feisty_meow/readme.txt">eisty
+meow
+ readme</a> file first, as it provides some valuable information on
+ configuring the codebase initially. The site avenger script commands
+ are documented in the <a title="useful commands" href="https://feistymeow.org/feisty_meow/documentation/feisty_meow_command_reference.txt">feisty
+ meow command reference</a> file.</p>
+ <p>(The feisty meow codebase is already configured for the developer account
+ on the cakelampvm virtual machine.)</p>
+ <h2>How to set up virtualbox for your host PC<a id="#virtualbox-setup" name="#virtualbox-setup"></a></h2>
<ol>
<li>Download and install virtualbox:
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads</li>
- <li>Install the extension pack for virtualbox: This provides USB drivers
- and other features. This is installed on virtualbox itself, not on
- the guests.</li>
+ <li>Install the extension pack for Virtualbox: This provides USB drivers
+ and other features. This is installed on Virtualbox itself (on the
+ Host PC), not on the guests.</li>
<ol>
<li>Download the extension pack at
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads</li>
- <li>Stop any running virtualbox vms.</li>
- <li>Close virtualbox control panel.</li>
+ <li>Stop any running Virtualbox VMs.</li>
+ <li>Close the Virtualbox control panel.</li>
<li>Double-click on the downloaded extensions package (in a file
- explorer) and virtualbox should install it.</li>
+ explorer) and Virtualbox should be launched to install it.</li>
</ol>
- <li>Run the virtualbox control panel.</li>
+ <li>Run the Virtualbox control panel.</li>
<li>Download the cakelampvm guest vm package and unzip it. Store the
unzipped version in some appropriate place where you want the virtual
machine to reside on your host's hard drive.</li>
- <li>Add the guest VM to your list of VMs. From the virtualbox menus,
+ <li>Add the guest VM to your list of VMs. From the Virtualbox menus,
choose the "Machine" menu and select "Add". Point the selector
dialog at the cakelampvm folder you created above and open the
cakelampvm.vbox file.</li>
machines. Before starting it, perform the following network
configuration sections.</li>
</ol>
- <h3>Configure the Host-Only network on virtualbox</h3>
+ <h3>Configure the Host-Only network on Virtualbox<a id="#host-only" name="#host-only"></a></h3>
<p>Configuring host-only networking for the VM makes the VM completely local
to your machine. The cakelampvm will not be accessible on the
internet or from the LAN, and can only be accessed by your host PC.</p>
+ <p>Note: If the host-only or NAT network exist ahead of time, Virtualbox may
+ complain about them even if they have the correct configuration.
+ This can be corrected simply by opening the VM settings and selecting the
+ appropriate network names again.</p>
+ <p>To configure the host-only network, follow these steps:</p>
<ol>
<li> Go to virtual box "Preferences" (global preferences, not for a
specific vm).</li>
for convenience and stability.</li>
</ol>
<p>Additional information on host-only (and other) network adapter types is
- at: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html#network_nat_service<br>
- </p>
- <h3>Configure the Nat Network on virtualbox</h3>
+ at: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html#network_nat_service</p>
+ <h3>Configure the NAT Network on Virtualbox<a id="#nat-network" name="#nat-network"></a></h3>
+ <p>The NAT (Network Address Translation) network allows the VM to get off of
+ the machine and onto the internet safely. It will use this interface
+ for any communication off of the host machine. Since the real IP
+ address of the VM is hidden behind the NAT firewall on Virtualbox, this
+ keeps the VM safe from attackers, and hence your machine stays safe as
+ well.</p>
+ <p>To set up the NAT network, follow these steps:</p>
<ol>
<li> Go to virtual box "Preferences" (global preferences, not for a
specific vm).</li>
These are my settings, with IPv6 left disabled:<br>
<img alt="nat net config" src="images/nat_network_config.png"></li>
</ol>
- <h2>Start up the VM</h2>
- <p>Using the virtualbox interface, you should now be able to start your
+ <h2>Starting up the VM<a id="#start-vm" name="#start-vm"></a></h2>
+ <p>Using the Virtualbox interface, you should now be able to start your
virtual machine. Virtualbox will complain if it detects any
remaining configuration problems in the VM, but it should start
normally. The Linux boot sequence will show many lines of text,
before bringing up a black console window with a login dialog.</p>
+ <p>If Windows complains about the Virtualbox application slamming into its
+ firewall, then allow the Virtualbox to get through. Usually, telling
+ Windows that once is enough, but if any odd network access problems result,
+ edit the Windows firewall settings and allow Virtualbox to use both
+ "Public" and "Private" networks.</p>
<p>You can log in directly on the VM console with the developer account, but
it is generally more useful to connect to the cakelampvm over ssh.
If the networking has been established properly, you should be able to do
this with:</p>
<pre>ssh developer@cakelampvm.com (or equivalent with your ssh client)</pre>
<p>And then provide the password to log in.</p>
- <p>A feature called "X forwarding" is enabled, so if you start graphical
- applications on the VM, you can display them from an appropriately
- configured host. (If you're running Linux as the host for the VM,
- you can definitely run remote windows. Windows may not support
- that.)</p>
- <p>#### check this!!!</p>
- <h2>Using the guest VM's DNS services</h2>
+ <p>If a feature called "X forwarding" is enabled in your ssh client, then
+ you can start graphical applications on the VM and display them on your
+ local machine. This works right away on most Linux hosts, but can
+ also work on PCs with X window system installed. The section below
+ describes how to set up Cygwin to run X server, which enable X forwarding
+ to your local display.</p>
+ <p>...{insert that info}...</p>
+ <h2>Updating cakelampvm to the Latest Model<a id="#update-vm" name="#update-vm"></a></h2>
+ <p>The cakelampvm is released with the intention to not be released
+ again. Version 001 was not built with that explicit intention, which
+ then required the release of Version 002. We hope to not need a v003
+ release.</p>
+ <p>There is an update feature built into the VM that is quite easy to
+ use. The updates are driven by the feisty meow script repository in
+ conjunction with a local scripted command. To activate the "update
+ process" for your VM, run the following commands (without the initial '#'
+ symbol):</p>
+ <p># rpuffer $FEISTY_MEOW_APEX # updates to the latest version
+ of feisty meow<br>
+ # revamp_cakelampvm # enacts any configuration changes
+ needed, plus fixes web folder and other permissions.</p>
+ <p>These two commands can be run at any time to patch up your VM to the
+ latest.</p>
+ <p>The first command ("rpuffer ...") is also useful on its own for getting
+ the latest version of the feisty meow code. If there are bug fixes
+ you need for the scripts or you want updated cakelampvm documentation,
+ that is the command to use.</p>
+ <h2>Using the guest VM's DNS services<a id="#dns-from-vm" name="#dns-from-vm"></a></h2>
<p>The cakelampvm has been set up to provide a DNS server which will answer
- name requests for all of the sites that the VM hosts.</p>
+ name lookup requests on any of the sites that the cakelampvm is hosting
+ for you. It will also serve as a general DNS server for any other
+ domains that need to be looked up.</p>
<p>To use the cakelampvm DNS, modify your host operating system network
configuration by adding or changing the DNS server to use the guest VM's
- DNS service. This is available at the local address
- 10.28.42.20. The DNS server can be tested with nslookup, dig and
- other tools.</p>
+ DNS service. The cakelampvm is available at the local IP address
+ 10.28.42.20. (The DNS server can be tested with nslookup, dig and
+ other tools.)</p>
<p>Note that the cakelampvm DNS should be listed first, if one intends to
- override any DNS names that actually exist out on the internet.</p>
- <p>If the DNS server is properly set up, then these ping commands should get
- answering responses:</p>
- <pre>ping cakelampvm.com</pre>
- <pre>ping defaultcake.cakelampvm.com</pre>
- <pre>ping mapsdemo.cakelampvm.com</pre>
- <h3>Setting up DNS on Windows</h3>
+ override any DNS names that actually exist out on the internet. We
+ have also found it most effective to have only the cakelampvm as your DNS
+ server, because a secondary DNS server can "take over" providing the name
+ lookups, and thus foul up DNS requests that should succeed for your
+ VM-hosted sites.</p>
+ <p>If your Host PC is running Windows, see the DNS configuration section
+ below that is tailored to that operating system.</p>
+ <p>Important Note: It behooves you to remember to switch back to a normal
+ DNS server configuration when you shut off the cakelampvm, or your machine
+ will not know the names of any sites on the internet any more!</p>
+ <p>Once the DNS server is properly set up (by whatever means necessary),
+ these ping commands should get answering responses (from 10.28.42.20) on
+ both the cakelampvm VM and on your host PC. Note: ping on Linux
+ keeps going forever, so hit control-C when you are tired of seeing the pings:</p>
+ <pre># ping cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <pre># ping mapsdemo.cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <p>Note that any other answer than 10.28.42.20 for the address is *bzzzt*
+ wrong, and means something needs to be fixed.</p>
+ <p>If these pings succeed (which hopefully they will!), then try accessing
+ the websites of each domain:</p>
+ <pre>(browse to) http://cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <pre>(browse to) http://mapsdemo.cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <p>These should show local sites on the VM rather than sites on the
+ internet. If you instead get failures to find the domains, or if the
+ "real internet" site comes up for cakelampvm.com (the page covered with
+ red X marks and complaining), then the DNS is not hooked up properly yet.</p>
+ <h4>Troubleshooting the DNS</h4>
+ <p>If your pings are getting the wrong answers and you're certain the DNS
+ settings on your Host PC are right, then you may need to flush your DNS
+ cache, and that might be sufficient. On Windows, the command for
+ flushing DNS is:</p>
+ <pre>> ipconfig /flushdns</pre>
+ <p>and on Linux the flush DNS command can be many different things, but try
+ these two most common options:</p>
+ <pre># sudo service dns-clean restart # restarts the client side DNS cache.</pre>
+ <p>or</p>
+ <pre># sudo service nscd restart # restarts the nscd caching server.</pre>
+ After, this try the pings again. If they still fail, please go back
+ over your DNS configuration very carefully. The cakelampvm's DNS
+ feature *does* actually work, but operating systems sometimes do their best
+ to deny this.<br>
+ <h4>Troubleshooting the Apache Sites</h4>
+ <p>If your DNS pings and lookups are functioning properly, but you're just
+ not getting the right websites, then try clearing your browser's cache and
+ shutting the browser application down. Then, start the browser up
+ and try the address again. Often this cache dumping is enough to fix
+ the browser so that you start seeing the local website versions on
+ cakelampvm.com.</p>
+ <h3>Setting up DNS on Windows<a id="#windoze-dns" name="#windoze-dns"></a></h3>
<p>The ipconfig tool will provide helpful information about your current
networking and DNS configuration:</p>
<pre>ipconfig --all</pre>
<pre>Control Panel | Network & Sharing | click WiFI or Ethernet link near top right | click Adapter Settings on left | click on specific network device to modify | select Properties</pre>
<p><br>
</p>
- <p><br>
+ <p>{fill in rest}<br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
- <h2>Editing files on the guest VM from the host</h2>
+ <h2>Editing files on the guest VM from the host<a id="#editing-files-on-vm"
+ name="#editing-files-on-vm"></a></h2>
<p>On the host computer, look for the guest vm as a networked computer
called cakelampvm. This should provide some network shares using
Microsoft SMB protocol, and they can be attached to using the "developer"
for easier access.</p>
<p>Currently, the root of all web servers is exposed as "www". Editing
the files in those folders requires ownership by the developer user.
- Currently the defaultcake server is owned by developer.</p>
- <p>One should be able to create a new directory in the www folder owned by
- the developer user over the network also, which can be used for creating
- new projects. However, there is a config issue in the current vm
- (v001) about this; to fix, run this command on the guest vm as the
- developer user:</p>
- <pre>sudo chmod g+w /var/www</pre>
- <p>Afterwards, the www folder should allow the developer user to create new
- folders at will.</p>
- <h2>Accessing files on the host PC from the guest VM</h2>
+ The existing mapsdemo site is owned by a different user ("fred") rather
+ than developer, mostly as a test case. The "fred", "developer", and
+ "www-data" accounts on the VM have all been put into each others Unix
+ "groups" so that they can access each other's files, and thus you may not
+ notice any issues editing fred's files.</p>
+ <p>One should be able to create a new directory over the network also.
+ Try creating a junk folder in the "www" folder, and then deleting it
+ again. That should succeed, and this approach can be used to create
+ folders (from the Host PC) that are owned by the developer user (on the
+ VM). You should be able to create folders or copy files within the
+ developer's home folder also ("/home/developer").</p>
+ <p>If you run into any permission problems that prevent file access, either
+ remotely or within the VM itself, then try running this command to fix
+ them:</p>
+ <pre># revamp_cakelampvm</pre>
+ <p>Afterwards, the www folder and others should allow the developer user to
+ create new folders at will.</p>
+ <p>The revamp command above is also used to deliver new configuration to the
+ VM from the feisty meow script environment; running it after any update of
+ the feisty meow codebase is a good idea.</p>
+ <h2>Accessing files on the host PC from the guest VM<a id="#samba-shares" name="#samba-shares"></a></h2>
<p>If you want to share a folder from the host to the guest, perhaps for
driver updates or other conveniences, then make the share with these
steps:</p>
<ol>
<li>Create a folder on the host that is to be shared.</li>
- <li>Right-click on the vm in virtualbox manager and choose "Settings".</li>
+ <li>Right-click on the vm in Virtualbox manager and choose "Settings".</li>
<li>In the "Shared Folders" tab of the settings, go to "Machine Folders".</li>
<li>Click the folder plus icon to create a new share.</li>
<li>Fill in the "Folder Path" on the host PC to the folder that will be
shared, and give it a name for the guest. We assume the folder
name will be "myshare".</li>
<li>On the guest vm, run the following commands to mount the share:<br>
- <pre>mkdir ~/shared # for the guest's version of the shared folder</pre>
- <pre>sudo mount -t vboxsf myshare ~/shared # mount the vm's share name onto the folder on the vm.</pre>
+ <pre># mkdir ~/shared # for the guest's version of the shared folder<br># sudo mount -t vboxsf myshare ~/shared # mount the vm's share name onto the folder on the vm.</pre>
</li>
</ol>
<h2>Adding a new website and domain on the guest VM</h2>
- <p>To add a new website, you will need to pick one of the DNS options below
- (A or B) depending on how you want to name the site. After the DNS
- is updated, then follow the section after for creating a new apache conf
- file.</p>
- <p>Assuming one has created a new folder in "www" called "greatsite", then
- the new web site can be brought online on the vm with one of the following
- options.</p>
- <h3>DNS Option A: Using a sub-domain in the cakelampvm.com domain</h3>
- Connect to the cakelampvm via ssh as the developer user, e.g.: ssh
- developer@cakelampvm.com
- <p>Execute the following command to edit the DNS file for the cakelampvm
- domain:</p>
- <pre>sudo vi /etc/bind/cakelampvm.com.conf</pre>
+ <p>Note: these instructions, even the quick approaches below, pale in
+ comparison to the ease of use of the "standup" command in feisty meow's
+ site avenger scripts. The standup command is detailed in the <a
+ title="useful commands" href="https://feistymeow.org/feisty_meow/documentation/feisty_meow_command_reference.txt">feisty
+ meow command reference</a> document. These instructions are for
+ situations when the domain or site is idiosyncratic in some way that
+ standup doesn't support.</p>
+ <p>To add a new website, you will first need to pick one of the DNS options
+ below (A or B) depending on how you want to name the site. If the
+ DNS name of the site is contained within another existing domain (e.g.,
+ "A.B.C" has subdomain A contained in domain B.C), use Option A. If
+ the DNS name is a so-called "Second Level Domain" (SLD), then it stands on
+ its own (e.g., "B.C" is an SLD).</p>
+ <p>Once the DNS option has been picked and implemented, continue to the next
+ section of "Creating a New Apache Site".</p>
+ <p>For either Option A or Option B, first connect to the cakelampvm via ssh
+ as the developer user, e.g.: ssh developer@cakelampvm.com </p>
+ <h3>DNS Option A: Adding a sub-domain in an existing domain</h3>
+ <p>Let us say a customer needs an application called "excalibur". It
+ will be a new subdomain within an existing domain, such as the
+ "cakelampvm.com" domain, meaning we want the VM to start answering
+ requests for "excalibur.cakelampvm.com".</p>
+ Note that this option requires the containing domain "cakelampvm.com" to
+ already exist before adding the subdomain; see DNS Option B below for
+ details on how to add a containing domain for the first time.
+ <h4>Quick approach: Use the feisty meow "add_domain" command.</h4>
+ <p>Run this command in a bash shell on the VM:</p>
+ <pre># add_domain excalibur.cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <p>Done.</p>
+ <h4>Manual approach: Edit the bind9 configuration.</h4>
+ <p>Note: the manual approach is not compatible with later use of feisty
+ meow's "remove_domain".</p>
+ Execute the following command to edit the DNS file for the cakelampvm
+ domain:
+ <pre># sudo vi /etc/bind/cakelampvm.com.conf</pre>
<p>Add a stanza for the new site at the end of this file:</p>
- <pre>greatsite.cakelampvm.com IN A 10.28.42.20<br> IN HINFO "linux server" "ubuntu"</pre>
- <p>Restart the DNS server: sudo service bind9 restart</p>
- <p>Afterwards, pinging greatsite.cakelampvm.com should work from either the
- guest or the host.</p>
+ <pre>excalibur.cakelampvm.com. IN A 10.28.42.20<br> IN HINFO "linux server" "ubuntu"</pre>
+ <p>Restart the DNS server:</p>
+ <pre># sudo service bind9 restart</pre>
+ <p>Afterwards, pinging excalibur.cakelampvm.com should work from both the
+ guest VM and the host PC.</p>
<h3>DNS Option B: Using an entirely new domain for the site</h3>
- <p>Similar procedure to above, but we will create a new file for the new
- domain and add it to the bind directory. For this example, we will
- create a file called /etc/bind/greatsite.tv.conf for our new domain
- greatsite.tv with these contents:</p>
- <pre>$TTL 1W<br>@ IN SOA @ fred.cakelampvm.com. (<br> 2017100801 ; serial<br> 2H ; refresh<br> 8M ; retry<br> 14D ; expiry<br> 6H ) ; minimum<br><br> IN NS ns.cakelampvm.com.<br> IN MX 10 mail.cakelampvm.com.<br><br># main domain for machine.<br>greatsite.tv. IN A 10.28.42.20<br> IN HINFO "linux server" "ubuntu"</pre>
- The gnarly prefix stuff above the "greatsite.tv." listing establishes
+ <p>This is a similar procedure to Option A, but we will create a totally new
+ config file for the new domain and add it to the bind directory. For
+ this example, we need to add the site "excalibur.tv" into the DNS.</p>
+ <h4>Quick approach: Use the feisty meow "add_domain" command.</h4>
+ Run this command in a bash shell on the VM:
+ <pre># add_domain excalibur.tv</pre>
+ <p>Done.</p>
+ <h4>Manual approach: Edit a new DNS config file</h4>
+ <p>Note: the manual approach is not compatible with later use of feisty
+ meow's "remove_domain".</p>
+ Create a file called /etc/bind/excalibur.tv.conf for our new domain
+ excalibur.tv with these contents:
+ <pre>$TTL 1W<br>@ IN SOA @ fred.cakelampvm.com. (<br> 2017100801 ; serial<br> 2H ; refresh<br> 8M ; retry<br> 14D ; expiry<br> 6H ) ; minimum<br><br> IN NS ns.cakelampvm.com.<br> IN MX 10 mail.cakelampvm.com.<br><br># new SLD for our excalibur site.<br>excalibur.tv. IN A 10.28.42.20<br> IN HINFO "linux server" "ubuntu"</pre>
+ The gnarly prefix stuff above the "excalibur.tv." listing establishes
configuration info for the new domain. This file relies on the
existing cakelampvm.com infrastructure in DNS, such as the "ns" host, which
- is the domain's name server.
- <p>Now that the config file is in place, edit "named.conf.local" to add the
- new file by adding this bit of configuration at the end:</p>
- <pre>zone "greatsite.tv" in {<br> file "/etc/bind/greatsite.tv.conf";<br> type master;<br> allow-query { any; };<br>};</pre>
- <p>Restart the DNS server: sudo service bind9 restart</p>
- <p>Afterwards, pinging greatsite.tv should work from either the guest or the
+ is the domain's name server. However, the new domain does <span style="text-decoration: underline;">not</span>
+ live inside the cakelampvm.com domain.<br>
+ <p>Now that the config file is in place, edit "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"
+ to add the new file by adding this bit of configuration at the end:</p>
+ <pre>zone "excalibur.tv" in {<br> file "/etc/bind/excalibur.tv.conf";<br> type master;<br> allow-query { any; };<br>};</pre>
+ <p>Restart the DNS server:</p>
+ <pre># sudo service bind9 restart</pre>
+ <p>Afterwards, pinging excalibur.tv should work from both the guest and the
host.</p>
- <h3>Create a new apache configuration file and load it</h3>
+ <h3>Creating a New Apache Site</h3>
+ <p>First, connect to the cakelampvm via ssh as the developer user, e.g.: ssh
+ developer@cakelampvm.com </p>
+ <h4>Quick approach: Use the feisty meow "add_apache_site" command.</h4>
+ <p>Run this command in a bash shell on the VM:</p>
+ <pre># add_apache_site excalibur excalibur.tv</pre>
+ <p>(The first parameter is the application name, the second is the domain
+ name.)</p>
+ <p>Done.</p>
+ <h4>Manual approach: Edit an Apache config file</h4>
+ <p>Note: the manual approach is not compatible with later use of feisty
+ meow's "remove_apache_site".</p>
+ <p>For Apache, the choice of DNS Option A or B, subdomain or SLD, does not
+ matter. The site configuration file just has to accurately specify
+ the domain in question.</p>
<p>Start with the following template file for the new website, and modify it
- for the appropriate host name:</p>
- <pre><VirtualHost *:80><br> ServerName greatsite.cakelampvm.com<br> ServerAlias greatsite.cakelampvm.com *.greatsite.cakelampvm.com<br> DocumentRoot /var/www/greatsite<br> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/greatsite.cakelampvm.com-error.log<br> CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/greatsite.cakelampvm.com-access.log combined<br> Alias /statistics "/var/www/webwork.repository/webwork/maps_demo/webroot/statistics"<br> Include /etc/apache2/conf-library/basic-options.conf<br> Include /etc/apache2/conf-library/rewrite-enabling.conf<br></VirtualHost></pre>
- <p>The above example is pre-modified for DNS Option A above, the
- greatsite.cakelampvm.com name. Switching all of those to
- "greatsite.tv" instead would support DNS option B.</p>
- <p>Copy that file into /etc/apache/available-sites under an appropriate
- name, which here we will call "greatsite.conf".</p>
- <p>Tell apache to use the new file:</p>
- <pre>a2ensite greatsite.conf</pre>
+ for the appropriate host name and "DocumentRoot" path:</p>
+ <pre><VirtualHost *:80><br> ServerName excalibur.tv
+ DocumentRoot /home/apps/excalibur<br> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/excalibur.tv-error.log<br> CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/excalibur.tv-access.log combined<br> Include /etc/apache2/conf-library/basic-options.conf<br> Include /etc/apache2/conf-library/rewrite-enabling.conf<br></VirtualHost></pre>
+ <p>The above example is appropriate for our excalibur app in the
+ excalibur.tv domain (using DNS Option B). Modifying the excalibur.tv
+ references in it (and the path in the DocumentRoot) is sufficient to
+ re-target it for any domain you want.</p>
+ <p>Copy the new site config file into "/etc/apache2/sites-available" with an
+ appropriate file name that includes the site's domain name. We will
+ call our config file "excalibur.tv.conf". If you developed the file
+ in your home folder, this would be the command to move it up to Apache:</p>
+ <pre># sudo cp ~/excalibur.tv.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available</pre>
+ <p>Then tell apache to use the new file:</p>
+ <pre># sudo a2ensite excalibur.tv # the '.conf' portion of the filename is unnecessary for this command.
+</pre>
<p>Finally, restart apache to get it to begin serving the site:</p>
- <pre>sudo service apache2 restart</pre>
+ <pre># sudo service apache2 restart</pre>
<h3>Test the new web site</h3>
<p>Given the configuration above, your host PC should now be able to access
- the new website.</p>
- <p>To test this, first try pinging the hostname, e.g.: ping
- greatsite.cakelampvm.com or ping greatsite.tv</p>
- <p>Then, if there are responses to the ping, it means the DNS is
- working. If there are no responses, check the instructions in the
- above DNS option section.</p>
- <p>Once the DNS is working, one can try browsing to the site at:
- http://greatsite.cakelampvm.com or http://greatsite.tv (depending on the
- DNS option chosen).</p>
- <p>If the site is not showing up properly, try examining the apache logs for
- error messages that can be corrected. The log files are stored in
- /var/log/apache2 and are generally named after the website.</p>
+ the new website on the domain "excalibur.tv".</p>
+ <p>To test this, first try pinging the new DNS name:</p>
+ <pre># ping excalibur.tv</pre>
+ <p>If there are responses to the ping *and* the answer is 10.28.42.20, then
+ it means the DNS is working. If there are no responses or it's some
+ other IP address talking back, check the instructions in the above DNS
+ sections.</p>
+ <p>Once the DNS is working, try browsing to the site at "http://excalibur.tv".
+ That should at least bring up the configured site storage path, even if
+ nothing is being served from that folder yet.</p>
+ <p>If the new site is not showing up properly, try examining the apache logs
+ for any error messages that can be corrected. The log files are
+ stored in "/var/log/apache2" and are named after the website (if
+ configured through the above process).</p>
+ <h2>Handy Techniques for Using cakelampvm</h2>
+ <h3>Assorted Guides and Cheat-Sheets</h3>
+ <p>A Cheat sheet for the Vim editor (there are many of these available): <a
+ title="vim commands" href="https://vim.rtorr.com/">https://vim.rtorr.com/</a></p>
+ <p>A git branching model that seems to work well: <a title="release and patch process"
+ href="http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/">http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/</a></p>
+ <h3>Get the network address on the guest vm</h3>
+ <p>Run this command: ifconfig</p>
+ <p>In the results, look for "inet addr". There may be more than one,
+ if there are multiple network interfaces.</p>
+ <p>The standard IP address is 10.28.42.20 for the cakelampvm.</p>
+ <h3>How to cleanly reboot or shut down the guest VM</h3>
+ <p>When you've got the DNS and everything integrated, these commands will
+ manage the vm's state:</p>
+ <p>First, log into the guest VM:</p>
+ <pre># ssh developer@cakelampvm.com</pre>
+ <p>Then, to reboot the guest VM:</p>
+ <pre># sudo reboot</pre>
+ <p>Or, to halt the guest VM:</p>
+ <pre># sudo shutdown -h now</pre>
+ <p>Using these commands is kinder to the VM than just cycling the power from
+ the Virtualbox control panel.</p>
+ <p><br>
+ </p>
+ <h1>Gritty Details of the Nitty Variety<a id="#nitty-gritty" name="#nitty-gritty"></a></h1>
+ <p>This is the lowest level of plumbing for your VM. Hopefully you
+ will not need to engage with this section. The most useful doc
+ section here is the one below about the "Virtualbox guest additions",
+ which you will probably need at some future point. Oracle releases
+ updates to the guest additions fairly regularly.</p>
<h2>Configuring the guest VM</h2>
<p>The guest VM should already be set up appropriately. These steps
are provided for reference and updates.</p>
- <h3>Set up virtualbox guest additions for the VM</h3>
- <p>** note for v001 of cakelampvm: the below steps are still needed on the
- shipped image.</p>
- <p>This procedure is needed if the guest provides an older or incompatible
- version of the guest additions (which have already been installed on the
- guest vm). It may also be necessary when a new version of the guest
- additions becomes available.</p>
+ <h3>Set up Virtualbox guest additions for the VM</h3>
+ This procedure is needed if the guest provides an older or incompatible
+ version of the guest additions (which have already been installed on the
+ guest vm). It may also be necessary when a new version of the guest
+ additions becomes available.
<ol>
<li>To install the guest additions, open the guest VM and have its window
in focus.</li>
Image". This will mount the CD's ISO image on the VM.</li>
<li>On the guest VM, it may be necessary to mount the CD image that's now
available:<br>
- sudo mount /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom</li>
+ <pre># sudo mount /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom</pre>
+ <p>Linux will mention that the device is mounted "read-only".</p>
+ </li>
<li>Since the VM currently has no windowing system installed, one must
start the Guest Additions install manually:<br>
- cd /media/cdrom<br>
- sudo sh VBoxLinuxAdditions.run</li>
- <li>This should install the guest additions.</li>
+ <pre># cd /media/cdrom<br># sudo sh VBoxLinuxAdditions.run</pre>
+ </li>
+ <li>The latest Virtualbox guest additions should now be installed.</li>
</ol>
<h3>Set up network adapters on guest VM</h3>
<p>The network interfaces should already be configured on the guest within
- the virtualbox configuration. This is available by clicking on the
- VM in the virtualbox manager and selecting "Settings". These are the
+ the Virtualbox configuration. This is available by clicking on the
+ VM in the Virtualbox manager and selecting "Settings". These are the
configuration settings used:</p>
Adapter 1:<br>
Attached to: Host-only Adapter<br>
<pre>auto enp0s8</pre>
<pre>iface enp0s8 inet dhcp</pre>
<p> </p>
- <h2>Handy Techniques</h2>
- <h3>Get the network address on the guest vm</h3>
- <p>Run this command: ifconfig</p>
- <p>In the results, look for "inet addr". There may be more than one,
- if there are multiple network interfaces.</p>
- <h3>How to cleanly reboot or shut down the guest VM</h3>
- <p>When you've got the DNS and everything integrated, these commands will
- manage the vm's state:</p>
- <p>First, log into the guest VM: ssh developer@cakelampvm.com</p>
- <p>Then, reboot the guest VM: sudo reboot</p>
- <p>Or, halt the guest VM: sudo shutdown -h now</p>
- <p>Using these commands is better than just cycling the power from the
- virtualbox control panel.</p>
<h2>Notes on building the Cake Lamp VM</h2>
<p>This is all work that should already have been done. It is
mentioned here just as breadcrumbs for a future vm builder.</p>
<ul>
- <li>Downloaded and installed virtualbox for host computer (where the vm
+ <li>Downloaded and installed Virtualbox for host computer (where the vm
image will be built).</li>
<li>Downloaded ubuntu server 16.04 iso.
(https://www.ubuntu.com/download/server)</li>
- <li>Created a new vm in virtualbox, telling it to start from the ubuntu
+ <li>Created a new vm in Virtualbox, telling it to start from the ubuntu
server iso.</li>
<li>Installed LAMP stack on guest VM. Some help here:
http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-install-lamp-on-ubuntu</li>
https://askubuntu.com/questions/628938/how-to-install-cakephp-in-ubuntu-14-04</li>
<li>Configured the two network adapters as needed (one for host-only
network and one for nat network). Here's some info about
- virtualbox networking with two adapters similar to our setup:
+ Virtualbox networking with two adapters similar to our setup:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/293816/in-virtualbox-how-do-i-set-up-host-only-virtual-machines-that-can-access-the-in<br>
</li>
<li>Installed and configured Samba service for the guest VM. The
</ul>
<p><br>
</p>
+ <ul>
+ </ul>
+ <h6> </h6>
+ <p> </p>
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